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that permits only one player

A single-player video game is a video game where input from only one player is expected throughout the course of the gaming session. A single-player game is usually a game that can only be played by one person, while “single-player mode” is usually a game mode designed to be played by a single player, though the game also contains multi-player modes.[1]

Most modern console games and arcade games are designed so that they can be played by a single player; although many of these games have modes that allow two or more players to play (not necessarily simultaneously), very few actually require more than one player for the game to be played. The Unreal Tournament series is one example of such.[2]

The earliest video games, such as Tennis for Two (1958), Spacewar! (1962), and Pong (1972), were symmetrical games designed to be played by two players. Single-player games gained popularity only after this, with early titles such as Speed Race (1974)[3] and Space Invaders (1978).

The reason for this, according lớn Raph Koster, is xuống dốc Khủng a combination of several factors : increasingly sophisticated computers & interfaces that enabled asymmetric gameplay, cooperative gameplay & story delivery within a gaming framework, coupled with the fact that the majority of early games players had introverted personality types ( according béo the Myers-Briggs personality type indicator ). [ bốn ]Although most modern games incorporate a single-player element either as the core or as one of several game modes, single-player gaming is currently viewed by the đoạn phim game industry as peripheral mập the future of gaming, with Electronic Arts vice president Frank Gibeau stating in 2012 that he had not approved one game lớn be developed as a single-player experience. [ 5 ]

The question of the financial viability of single-player AAA games was raised following the closure of Visceral Games by Electronic Arts (EA) in October 2017. Visceral had been a studio that established itself on a strong narrative single-player focus with Dead Space, and had been working on a single-player, linear narrative Star Wars game at the time of the closure; EA announced following this that they would be taking the game in a different direction, specifically “a broader experience that allows for more variety and player agency”.[6] Many commentators felt that EA made the change as they did not have confidence that a studio with an AAA-scale budget could produce a viable single-player game based on the popular Star Wars franchise. Alongside this, as well as relatively poor sales of games in the year prior that were principally AAA single-player games (Resident Evil 7, Prey, Dishonored 2, and Deus Ex: Mankind Divided) against financially successful multiplayer games and those offer a games-as-a-service model (Overwatch, Destiny 2, and Star Wars Battlefront 2), were indicators to many that the single-player model for AAA was waning.[7][8][9][10] Manveer Heir, who had left EA after finishing his gameplay design work for Mass Effect Andromeda, acknowledged that the culture within EA was against the development of single-player games, and with Visceral’s closure, “that the linear single-player triple-A game at EA is dead for the time being”.[11] Bethesda on December 7, 2017, decided to collaborate with Lynda Carter to launch a Public Safety Announcement to save single-player gaming.[12]

A few years later in 2021, EA was reported to have revived interest in single-player games, following the successful launch of Star Wars Jedi: Fallen Order in 2020. The company still planned on releasing live service games with multiplayer components, but began evaluating its IP catalog for more single-player titles to revive, such as a remake of the Dead Space franchise.[13] Around the same time, head of Xbox Game Studios Phil Spencer said that they still see a place for narrative-driven single-player games even though the financial drivers of the market tended to be live service games. Spencer said that developing such games with AAA-scale budgets can be risky, but with availability of services like cloud gaming and subscription services, they can gauge audience reaction to these games early on and reduce the risk involved before releases.[14]

As the narrative & conflict in single-player gameplay is created by a computer rather than a human opponent, single-player games are able bự deliver certain gaming experiences that are typically absent — or de-emphasised — in multiplayer games. [ 15 ]Single-player games rely more heavily on compelling stories phệ draw the player into the experience & béo create a sense of investment. Humans are unpredictable, so sánh human players – allies or enemies – cannot be relied upon phệ carry a narrative in a particular direction, và so sánh multiplayer games tend not béo focus heavily on a linear narrative. By contrast, many single-player games are built around a compelling story. [ 16 ]

While a multi-player game relies upon human-human interaction for its conflict, and often for its sense of camaraderie, a single-player game must build these things artificially. As such, single-player games require deeper characterisation of their non-player characters in order to create connections between the player and the sympathetic characters and to develop deeper antipathy towards the game’s antagonists. This is typically true of role-playing games (RPGs), such as Dragon Quest and the Final Fantasy, which are primarily character-driven.

These game elements are not firm, fixed rules; single-player puzzle games such as Tetris or racing games focus squarely on gameplay.

See also